GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SECOND GENERATION (M2) LUMBU KUNING GARLIC PLANTS (Allium sativum L.) RESULTING FROM 60Co GAMA RAY IRRADIATION

Abstract

Local varieties of garlic in Indonesia are planted in the highlands so planting is limited. It is necessary to improve the characteristics of local varieties of garlic which can also be planted in the lowlands. This can be done by mutation breeding. Mutation is an appropriate technique for assembling new diversity that is propagated vegetatively. Land expansion needs to be carried out to obtain new superior varieties of garlic that can be planted in the lowlands. The research aims to get information about the diversity and genetic relationships of several garlic clones and to determine the level of change in the characteristics of Lumbu Kuning variety garlic plants due to mutations in the M2 generation so that they can adapt to various environments. The method used in the research is the Chlorophyll Test, analyzing genetic diversity data using calculations of the genetic diversity coefficient (KKG), phenotypic diversity coefficient (KKF), heritability (h2), standard deviation, and kinship or cluster analysis. The research results showed that plants experienced an increase in parameters in cluster B. Plants resulting from irradiation with a dose of 5 Gy were plants LK5-3, LK5-24, LK5-23, LK5-8, and LK5-7 in plants resulting from irradiation with a dose of 6 Gy, namely plants LK6-8, LK6-26, LK6-1, LK6-34, LK6-32, LK6-3, LK6-10, LK6-18, LK6-39 and LK6-28. This research concludes that second-generation Lumbu Kuning variety garlic plants resulting from 60Co gamma irradiation planted in the lowlands have high genotype diversity