CHALLENGES AND REFORMS IN THE UNSC: ENSURING INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY

Abstract

This critical study delves into the role of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) in maintaining international peace and security. Established in the aftermath of World War II, the UNSC was designed to prevent conflicts and uphold global stability. This paper evaluates the Council's historical context, structural composition and mechanisms of action, highlighting key successes and notable failures. By examining case studies such as the Korean War, the Rwandan Genocide and the Syrian Civil War, the study underscores the impact of geopolitical dynamics and the veto power wielded by the permanent members (P5) on the Council's effectiveness. The analysis also addresses the challenges faced by the UNSC, including geopolitical rivalries, the controversial use of veto power and calls for reform to enhance its representativeness and responsiveness. The paper concludes with proposals for reform aimed at improving the UNSC's capacity to address contemporary global security threats and maintain international peace effectively.