ACTA SCIENTIAE is an international, peer reviewed, open access, scientific and scholarly journal which publishes Research papers, Review papers, Mini reviews, Case reports, Case studies, Short communications, Letters, Editorials, Books, Thesis, Dissertation works, etc., from all the aspects of Agricultural Science, Biological Science, Business, Chemical Science, Education Science, Engineering and Technology, Humanities, Life Science, Physical Science, Marine Science, Social science. After publishing, articles are freely available through online without any restrictions or any other subscriptions to researchers and readers worldwide ISSN:1517-4492 | E-ISSN:2178-7727 | Publisher: Lutheran University of Brazil | Year:1999
ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF PHYTO LIGANDS FROM CARICA PAPAYA LEAVES BY SUPPRESSION OF TUMOR PROGRESSIVE PROTEINS CD117 AND CYCLIN D1 - AN INSILICO APPROACH
The Herbal derived compounds possess several medicinal properties including anticancer activities. In the present investigation molecular docking analysis was performed to identify a suitable antagonistic ligand from the phyto ligands of Carica papaya leaves which can inhibit the tumor progressive proteins CD117, Cyclin D1. The molecular Docking analysis was performed using Autodock 4.2. The protein CD117, Cyclin D1 structures were retrieved from PDB, and by GC-MS analysis the phyto molecules were identified. The ligand chemical structures were drawn using Chem sketch. The enzyme and ligand interaction were obtained as docking score using the Arguslabs server. Based on the docking score the best ligand was selected from the phyto constituents of Carica papaya ethanolic leaf extract and their inhibitory potential was analyzed in terms of their interactions with the amino acid residues present in the active site which were visualized and further confirmed by PYMOL. The standard drug Doxorubicin was also subjected to docking for comparison in the present study. Based on the docking score the phytochemicals namely Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, Coumarine 3-(2,4-dinitrophenol), Androst-4-en-3-one,17-methoxy, 3-methoxime serves as the best antagonistic ligand in terms of their interaction with amino acids as well as inhibition of the particular tumour progressive proteins.
Ethanolic extract, Phyto ligands, Carica papaya, Doxorubicin, Ovarian cancer, Insilico
Priyadurairaj, Sandhya A, PalagatiRohithkumarreddy
ANALYZING THE ROLE OF ETANERCEPT IN FLS CELL LINE IN TREATMENT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent joint inflammation, leading to pain, swelling, and progressive joint damage. Current treatment options, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and biologics, often present side effects and high costs, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapies. Drynaria quercifolia, a medicinal fern known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has shown potential in alleviating symptoms associated with RA. This study investigates the bioactive compounds of Drynaria quercifolia and their therapeutic efficacy in modulating inflammatory pathways involved in RA. Phytochemical analysis and in vitro assays were conducted to assess its anti-inflammatory activity, followed by in vivo studies to evaluate its effectiveness in an RA-induced FLS (Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes) cell line. Preliminary findings suggest that extracts of Drynaria quercifolia exhibit significant inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers, indicating its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for RA. Further research is warranted to elucidate its mechanism of action and validate its clinical applicability.
Rheumatoid Arthritis, Joint Inflammation, Drynaria quercifolia, Natural Therapeutic Agent.
Sandhya A, Priyadurairaj, Shravan Kumar Rao, Nilofer U, Ramya H
A STUDY ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS AND THEIR ROLE IN EMPOWERING THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED IN THE NETWORK SOCIETY
The impact of technology and the internet on social structure is immeasurable. In the 20th century, the emergence of a globalized digital environment reflects the idea of the Marshall McLuhan’s Global Village. McLuhan argued that “We shape our tools and thereafter our tools shape us.” This idea is further echoed by Manuel Castells, who states that technology does not determine society; rather, society shapes technology according to the needs, values, and interests of the people who use it. Digital platforms have significantly reduced barriers of inequality by bringing people from different economic backgrounds and those with disabilities into the information superhighway, thereby improving their quality of life. Technology has particularly played an important role in empowering the visually challenged by enabling them to participate in mainstream social activities. The digital world allows them to function more independently and interact with other segments of society on equal terms. Moreover, technology provides opportunities for recognition, self-expression, and social connection through networks that help maintain emotional relationships with others. In a networked society, visually challenged individuals are able to connect through social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube for purposes including socialization, recognition, entertainment, information sharing, and status building. Their interaction with digital technologies is facilitated through assistive tools such as screen readers and AI-based applications, which make communication easier, faster, and more convenient. This study adopts a mixed-method approach to examine how networking tools influence the identity, individuality, and aspirations of visually challenged individuals within the network society.
Visually Challenged, Facebook, AI applications, Network society
Dr. Naneetha R , Dr. Monisha M, Ashok Paul Rajan K, Dr. S. Rachel
A GEOSPATIAL STUDY OF THE CHANGES IN LAND USE AND FORECASTING IN COIMBATORE CITY USING QGIS
The most talked-about topic in the world has always been urbanization because of its complexity and the fact that it is a continuously changing global phenomena. Understanding the LU/LC change in the urban landscape is essential to comprehending the current state of the city and the dynamics of the earth's surface change. This study's objectives are to show and explain how LULC trends varied between 2011 and 2021and to forecast future LULC mapfor 2030.The open-source plugin MOLUSCE (Modules for Land Use Change Simulations) version 3.0.13 was utilized to forecast the future plight of urbanisation of Coimbatore city. According to the predicted model by using, the geospatial tools, the land under urban area will substantially rise from 128.29 sq kms in 2021 to 151.47 sq kms in 2030. In contrast, the area under water bodies, vegetation, and agriculture is showing a decline trend. Urban growth dynamics and spatial patterns of urban expansion is a very relevant study to equip, both the policy makers and stake holders.To carve out a sustainable city by all means, with all the necessities, this article can be considered by urban planners and developers, local governments, and non-governmental organizations, public and private enterprises, and certain social well-wishers, in their attempts to create more sustainable urban environments in the city.
Urbanisation, LULC, MOLUSCE, and Sustainable
MOBILITY AND HEALTH CHALLENGES IN OLDER ADULTS
The study examines mobility and health challenges among older adults in Kaduthuruthy Grama Panchayat, Kottayam District, Kerala, using a qualitative case study approach. Ten participants, aged 60 and above, were purposively selected from different wards, with in-depth interviews and observations conducted, spending one to two hours with each respondent. Findings revealed that chronic illnesses, multimorbidity, limited mobility, unsafe home environments, and social isolation substantially affect independence and quality of life. The study highlights the importance of routine functional screening, home modifications, accessible transport, social engagement, and integrated multi-domain interventions. Evidence underscores the need for locally adapted, community-based strategies involving government, civil society, and neighborhood initiatives to enhance health, mobility, and well-being, ensuring safe and dignified ageing in rural Kerala.
Mobility limitations, Older adults, Rural ageing, Health challenges, Community interventions
WIDOWHOOD, GENDER, AND WORK: A CAPABILITY-BASED ANALYSIS OF LABOUR MARKET BARRIERS AMONG YOUNG WIDOWS IN TAMIL NADU
Young widowhood in India represents a critical intersection of gender, age, and economic vulnerability. While labour market participation is often considered a pathway to economic recovery, conventional indicators such as employment status and income inadequately capture the lived constraints faced by young widows. Drawing on the Capability Approach, this study examines how labour market conditions shape the work-related capabilities of young widows in Tamil Nadu. Using a quantitative cross-sectional survey of 360 young widows aged 18–40 years across selected districts, the study constructs a Work-Related Capability Index (WRCI) to assess substantive freedoms related to employment choice, income security, job stability, and work–life balance. The findings reveal that employment in the informal sector, wage insecurity, limited access to social protection, and entrenched gender norms significantly constrain young widows’ capabilities, even when they are economically active. The study argues that labour market inclusion alone is insufficient; policy interventions must focus on expanding capabilities to enable dignified and sustainable livelihoods for young widows.
Young widows, labour market, capability approach, gender, informal work
Mr. K. Boopathi Raja, Dr. P. Christuraj & Dr. P.K. Muthukumar
A SECURE SOFTWARE DEFINED NETWORKING BASED FRAMEWORK FOR IOT NETWORKS
The entities of the world are simulated and connected with the help of IoT (Internet of Things) devices. A large amount of data needs to be stored and retrieved securely, but the IoT devices have a small amount of mem- ory and computation time. Hence, a storage area with a large amount of secured storage space is needed. Software-defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging network technology which implements a new paradigm of insecure applications and IoT services. To build a heterogeneous secure network, we introduce SDN controller broadcast encryption using the Open Network Op- erating System integrated with network switches and SDN Controllers. In this paper, we propose a secured data sharing system in IoT devices in which they are connected to an SDN controller and data from the IoT device is encrypted. Only the corresponding authorized switch receives the data and knows the exact key to decrypt the ciphertext. Hence, the data is stored and retrieved securely. In our system, we use Wheatstone algorithm to encrypt the data from the IoT devices. The algorithm helps to avoid botnet attacks and other types of attacks on the data. The proposed system establishes new forwarding paths through controller and communicates with authorized switches for secure data transmissions. We analyzed the performance of our proposed algorithm using OMNeT++ and confirmed that the algorithm is efficient and secure. This extends the security features of IoT applications.
SDN, IoT network, authentication, Wheatstone algorithm
RETRIEVAL AUGMENTED GENERATION (RAG) BASED FRAMEWORK FOR REAL-TIME HUMAN ACTIVITY RECOGNITION (RHAR) IN DISASTER ZONES
This research work introduces a lightweight, real-time human activity recognition system designed for disaster response applications and optimized for edge computing environments. Inspired by Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), the system employs a rule-based, interpretable approach instead of traditional machine learning models. Human poses are encoded as binary feature vectors based on geometric features including elbow and knee angles, hand height, symmetry ratio and sitting ratio computed from 33 key body landmarks. These vectors are compared to a pre-collected, labeled dataset using Hamming distance to classify actions such as standing, sitting, waving, hands up, and lying down. Majority vote smoothing is applied to reduce noise and enhance prediction stability. Designed to run efficiently on edge devices such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) or embedded processors, the system enables fast, transparent decision-making directly at the source of data capture without relying on cloud connectivity. Tests using a standard webcam under drone-simulated conditions showed reliable recognition of most actions, with occasional challenges in detecting lying-down poses. The solution is ideal for low-resource, latency-sensitive disaster response operations where edge computing is critical.
Human Activity Recognition, Disaster management, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), edge computing
D. Suresh Kumar, Dr. M Y. Mohamed Parvees
AI-DRIVEN SENSITIVITY-AWARE HYBRID CRYPTOGRAPHY FOR SECURE MEDICAL IMAGE TRANSMISSION
Reliable and efficient medical image transmission is a demanding issue in smart healthcare systems. The existing cryptographic methods employ equal-strength encryption, tending to incur unreasonably high computational overhead for low-risk data or providing deficient protection for highly sensitive data. To overcome this shortfall, we introduce an AI-based sensitivity-aware hybrid cryptographic system capable of adaptively choosing encryption strength depending on medical image sensitivity levels. Lightweight neural classifier, which uses handcrafted statistical features and deep representations, is developed to assess image sensitivity through the analysis of entropy, texture complexity, and structural information. In accordance with the estimated sensitivity, three encryption approaches are utilized: AES-128 for low sensitivity, AES-256 and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) for medium sensitivity, and AES-256 and Learning With Errors (LWE) for sensitive images. The model was verified on various medical image modalities such as Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) images, Brain Tumor MRI images, and Dermoscopic skin cancer images datasets. Experimental outcomes indicate that the developed model provides robust performance under various NPCR, UACI, entropy, PSNR, and SSIM measures, maintaining both high security and fidelity of image quality. In contrast to traditional fixed-strength cryptographic techniques, our adaptive method showcases notable gains in computational performance, conserving encryption time with uncompromised confidentiality for sensitive data. These results underscore the promise of sensitivity-aware hybrid cryptography to improve secure medical image transmission, providing a scalable and smart solution for contemporary healthcare networks.
Medical Image Security, Sensitivity-Aware Encryption, Hybrid Cryptography, Adaptive Encryption Framework, Healthcare Data Transmission, Elliptic Curve Cryptography, and Learning With Errors
S. Kasinathan, C. Ananth* and N. Mohananthini
DYNAMIC AND ADAPTIVE REINFORCED MACHINE LEARNING FOR IMPROVED EFFICIENCY AND RELIABLE ROUTING IN SENSOR-CLOUD ENVIRONMENT
Sensor-Cloud and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) architectures have brought a phenomenal change in industrial sector particularly in hospital industry both for indoor and outdoor applications. Both are boosting the hospital industry sector by taking into account the concept of smart city, IoT and communication. Many techniques and algorithms are applied to improve network reliability and to reduce latency that eventually help optimized energy consumption and increase in network lifetime. There are problems with network failures that is required to be addressed keeping in mind the dynamics and limiting constraints of the network. Under network breakdown conditions, an alternative route must be selected to have a reliable end-to-end information delivery. This work proposes a reinforced machine learning with dynamic and adaptive approach (DAML), a low-latency reliable routing algorithm for cluster based hospital environment so that a patient’s critical parameters are monitored continuously. The DAML method comes with optimized reward, monitor, and risk factor concepts and the patient’s critical parameters are interfaced to the sensor-cloud environment. The information is buffered as text files and then transmitted over wireless channels after encoding. The proposed method is evaluated with respect to network throughput, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and end-to-end delay. The proposed method is expected to provide a significant improvement in throughput, PDR and decrease in end-to-end delay as compared to existing approaches.
Cloud Computing, Energy Efficiency, Internet of Things, Medical application, Patient monitoring, Sensor- Cloud, Reinforced Machine Learning, Reliable Routing, Wireless Sensor Networks.
Dr. Thejoram Naresh Reddy Boya, Dr. K. Satyanarayan Reddy
ELEMENT AFFECTING HOUSEHOLD INVESTORS' CHOICES OF INVESTMENTS IN THE CHENNAI CITY.
Every investor has different goals for their investments, which are influenced by their long-term and present needs and preferences. The primary goal of investing is to lower risk and raise the intended rate of return. Additional objectives that can be categorized as secondary include safety, protection from future inflation, and fund liquidity. Investors seek to optimize their investment strategy by finding a balance between these goals. Investment options include savings and investments in banks, securities exchanges, post office plans, and friends' stores. Physical savings is the term used to describe investments in tangible assets. G. Real estate, gold ,and silver. The purpose of this study is to analyse and integrate these different factors in order to offer useful insights for financial advisors, businesses, and individual investors who want to improve their financial performance and investment strategies. This study focuses on understanding the factors that influence the investment and decision-making of individual household investors. Household investors are those investors who invest their hard-earned saving spared from consumption of workers.
Investment, Household investor, Choice of investment.
"OPTIMIZING CRUDE OIL PRICE PREDICTIONS WITH DEEP LEARNING: A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE"
This research investigates the performance of various recurrent neural network (RNN) models—namely Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM), Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), and Bidirectional GRU (Bi-GRU)—in the context of time series forecasting for crude oil price prediction. Accurate price forecasting is crucial in financial markets, offering potential benefits for investors and traders by providing valuable insights for decision-making. The study utilizes historical crude oil price data, incorporating open, close, high, and low prices, along with trading volume and other relevant indicators. After preprocessing and splitting the data into training and testing sets, each RNN model is trained to capture the temporal patterns and dependencies inherent in the price movements. The performance of each model is evaluated using key metrics, including mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean squared error (RMSE), to assess their predictive accuracy on the testing set. The results are compared to determine which RNN architecture provides the most reliable and accurate predictions, contributing valuable insights into the application of deep learning for financial forecasting tasks.
Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM), Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), Bidirectional GRU (Bi-GRU), Time Series Forecasting, Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE)
CUSTOMARY INSTITUTIONS AND COMMUNITY- BASED LAND MANAGEMENT: A STUDY OF LIANGMAI NAGA PRACTICES IN NORTH-EAST INDIA
This study explores the vital role of customary institutions in the community-based management of land among the Liangmai Naga, an indigenous tribe of North-East India. Rooted in collective ownership, ancestral traditions, and indigenous ecological knowledge, Liangmai customary system regulates the use of land, forest, and water resources through the authority of the Chawang/Nampou (village chief) and village councils. This study emphasizes how traditional ecological knowledge and socio-cultural norms shape sustainable resource governance practices, particularly in the management of land, forests, and water. Drawing on historical accounts, ethnographic insights, the paper highlights how traditional institutions and social norms reinforce sustainable use and conservation. It also analyses contemporary challenges, strategies and its continuity. Overall, the study underscores the relevance of indigenous institutions in fostering ecological resilience and sustaining cultural identity in rapid changing socio-political landscape.
Liangmai Naga, customary institutions, community-based land management, indigenous knowledge, resources, tribals, village council, village authority, North East India.
STOCHASTIC AND COMPUTATIONAL MODELLING OF WORKFORCE PREDICTION: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MARKOV, NEURAL, AND HYBRID ALGORITHMS WITHIN INDUSTRY 4.0 FRAMEWORK
The Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) is revolutionising Human Resource Management (HRM), transitioning it from conventional, reactive methodologies to data-informed, predictive approaches. This paper reviews the application of various quantitative models-including classical stochastic models, advanced neural networks, and modern hybrid AI frameworks-for workforce forecasting and management. We discuss the foundational role of Markov Chain models in predicting internal labor supply and employee mobility, highlighting their ability to project future workforce states with greater precision. We then explore the capabilities of Back propagation Neural Networks (BPNNs) for forecasting complex, non-linear relationships such as employee retention and performance. A benchmark analysis demonstrates the superior performance of hybrid models, which integrate multiple machine learning techniques to enhance predictive accuracy. The practical implications of these technologies are significant, enabling proactive retention strategies, optimized workforce allocation, and data-driven decision-making. The effective execution of these models necessitates meticulous attention to ethical dilemmas, encompassing data privacy, algorithmic bias, and the imperative for human supervision. The report continues by delineating potential research avenues aimed at establishing ethical frameworks and enhancing the explain ability of intricate AI models to guarantee a sustainable and equitable future for labour management.
Workforce Management, Predictive Analytics, Markov Chain, Neural Networks, Hybrid Models, Industry 4.0
M.Ayyappan , R.Deepa, S.Mohankumar, G.Pushpalatha, S.Yamunadevi , G.Kavitha
CERTAIN OPERATORS ON FUZZY SOFT SEQUENTIAL TOPOLOGICAL SPACES
The main purpose of this paper is to investigate interior and closure operator in fuzzy soft sequential topological spaces. After introducing and discussing the notions of fuzzy soft sequential open(closed) sets in [4], we define fuzzy soft sequential interior, fuzzy soft sequential closure in fuzzy soft sequential topological spaces and present the properties of these operators with needed examples.
fuzzy soft set, fuzzy soft sequential set, fuzzy soft sequential interior, fuzzy soft sequential closure.
DISMANTLING THE NATIONALIST CONSENSUS: RALLYING AROUND SOCIETAL DEVELOPMENT
The women's question after Independence was reframed in a context of widespread discontent with the development policies of the government. Development planning in India in the years after Independence continued to show a disregard for women's productive functions, placing women in atavistic roles as symbols of cohesion and continuity amidst the turbulent flux of modernity. The sexual difference inherent in 'welfare' measures envisioned for women did not dismantle structural inequalities and sexual hierarchies within public institutions and society. Significantly, this period, which is often erroneously seen as one in which women's activism was at a decline, saw the emergence of the National Federation of Indian Women in India (NFIW). Among the largest women's organizations in India today, NFIW was founded in 1954 as the women's wing of the Communist Party of India (CPI), with Aruna Asaf Ali among its prominent leaders.
PERVIOUS CONCRETE AS A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION FOR GROUNDWATER RECHARGE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND FLUID FLOW DYNAMICS
Rapid urbanization and climate change have exacerbated challenges related to water management, particularly in urban areas where impervious surfaces prevent natural groundwater recharge. Pervious concrete has emerged as a promising sustainable solution to address these challenges by facilitating water infiltration while maintaining structural functionality. This review synthesizes current knowledge on pervious concrete's material properties and fluid flow dynamics relevant to groundwater recharge applications. The paper examines fundamental principles of fluid flow through porous media, permeability characteristics, factors affecting hydraulic performance, and groundwater recharge mechanisms. Current modeling and simulation approaches are evaluated, highlighting their capabilities and limitations. Research gaps identified include the need for long-term performance studies, regionalized mix design optimization, and integration with smart infrastructure technologies. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights for engineers, urban planners, and policymakers seeking sustainable solutions for water management and groundwater recharge in increasingly water-stressed urban environments.
Pervious concrete, groundwater recharge, permeability, fluid flow dynamics, sustainable infrastructure
UNVEILING THE FINANCIAL NEXUS: EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIQUIDITY AND RETURNS IN THE INDIAN SUGAR INDUSTRY
The liquidity and profitability trade-off has always been a very crucial aspect not only for the company directors but also for its other stakeholders. Managing current assets and current liabilities is the key to maintaining the highest level of profitability in the profitability and liquidity trade-off. The current study is aimed to measure and analyze the influence of liquidity on returns of the Sugar Companies listed in BSE. In the present study, secondary data from the annual statements of the selected sugar companies for the period 2018-2022 has been taken. The results of analysis showed a significant correlation between the liquidity and profitability.
Liquidity, Profitability, Working Capital Management, sugar industry, BSE.
Akash Sharma, Dushyant Tyagi, Avneesh Kumar, Sumita Sinku
COGNITIVE DESIGN RESEARCH ON COLORS INVESTIGATING VISUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL PERCEPTION AND ITS IMPACT ON USER-CENTRIC ENVIRONMENTS
This research explores the profound intersection of cognitive psychology, color theory, and design to understand how color applications can influence human cognition, emotions, behavior, and overall user experience in public spaces. With the growing importance of user-centric environments in education, healthcare, transportation, and cultural heritage preservation, the study investigates how the strategic use of colors can enhance visual comfort, emotional well-being, cognitive efficiency, and spatial orientation. Grounded in interdisciplinary frameworks from cognitive science, environmental psychology, and human-centered design, this study adopts a mixed-methods approach involving empirical surveys, experimental tests (including the Stroop effect), and case study analyses across various public contexts. These include university campus design, pediatric hospital environments, Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) route map usability, and the visual psychological impacts of Jaipur Blue Pottery. The research first establishes a theoretical foundation by reviewing the evolution of color use in traditional and digital fine arts, color psychology, and historical art movements such as Bauhaus and Fauvism. It highlights how colors, historically symbolic and culturally charged, continue to influence perception, mood, and decision-making in contemporary spaces. The study stresses that warm colors (like red, orange, yellow) evoke energy and enthusiasm, whereas cool colors (such as blue and green) promote calmness, trust, and focus — vital for designing learning environments, healing spaces, and navigation systems. In university settings, particularly Delhi Technological University (DTU), the study finds that color design has a measurable influence on students' cognitive performance, emotional states, and learning motivation. Survey results show that 85.2% of respondents acknowledge a significant emotional impact of color in academic spaces, and Stroop test analysis revealed that color stimuli can enhance cognitive attention and memory retention. Strategic use of contrast and harmonious color palettes can create environments that promote concentration, stress reduction, and overall academic success. The research extends into healthcare by analyzing the application of color psychology in pediatric hospitals. Here, the use of specific colors supports emotional resilience, alleviates anxiety, and fosters healing among young patients. Observational studies and surveys indicate that soft, pastel hues are most effective in calming patients, while vibrant accents can uplift moods and reduce hospitalization stress. Practical guidelines are proposed for hospital administrators and designers to develop emotionally supportive pediatric spaces. In the domain of public transportation, the study conducts a focused analysis of color usability within DMRC route maps. It identifies significant usability issues due to insufficient color differentiation (e.g., confusion between Magenta and Violet lines) affecting color-blind and non-literate users. Based on survey-based feedback, the research recommends modifications using more distinguishable color codes and highlights the necessity of universal design principles in public infrastructure to ensure accessibility for all users, including those with perceptual challenges. Additionally, the research explores the traditional art form of Jaipur Blue Pottery, linking its aesthetic and psychological impact to cognitive design principles. The calming blue tones and intricate motifs not only convey cultural heritage but also influence emotional engagement and spatial perception. The study documents how incorporating culturally resonant design elements like Blue Pottery into modern public spaces enhances user experience by fostering a sense of identity, belonging, and tranquility. Overall, the findings from across all case studies confirm that color is not merely a decorative tool but a powerful cognitive and emotional agent that can dramatically alter user experiences in diverse contexts. Key themes emerging from the research include the emotional calibration of spaces through color, color's role in facilitating cognitive engagement and memory, and its ability to foster inclusivity through user-centered and culturally sensitive design. This research contributes a strategic framework for the cognitive application of color in design, emphasizing the integration of psychological insights, cultural contexts, and empirical validation. The framework proposes actionable guidelines for architects, designers, healthcare administrators, and policymakers seeking to create more intuitive, inclusive, and human-centered public environments. Future directions suggested include deeper cross-cultural studies to map color perception variations globally, longitudinal studies to examine the sustained effects of color interventions, and exploration of sustainable and adaptive color design strategies for smart cities. Furthermore, the study advocates for closer collaboration between designers, cognitive scientists, and stakeholders to ensure that color design transcends aesthetics and serves broader psychological, emotional, and societal well-being. In conclusion, Cognitive Design Research on Colors reveals that thoughtful and scientifically-informed color application is a transformative tool for enriching human environments. By bridging theory and practice, it offers a blueprint for designing spaces that not only meet functional needs but also nurture the human mind, emotions, and cultural identity, thereby contributing meaningfully to the evolution of user-centered design in contemporary society.
Cognitive Design, Color Psychology, Visual Perception, User Experience, Emotional Response, Public Space Design, Human-Centered Design.
Monica Singh, Ranganath M Singari, Mihir Bholey
THE TRANS FORMATIVE FUTURE OF ELECTRON IMPACT IONIZATION STUDIES FOR ZINC ATOM
This study decisively investigates the ionisation cross-section of the zinc atom resulting from electron impact. Utilizing a semi-empirical approach, we analyze the ionisation process across a comprehensive energy value from the threshold up to 5120 eV, employing electron impact mass spectrometry. Our computational calculations yield a robust graph that clearly illustrates the strong correlation between energy and the cross section. Furthermore, we systematically examined the fragmented ions of the zinc atom such as and accurately calculated their total ionization cross section (TICS). Our TICS results align closely with the previous findings of Jaspreet Kaur and Dhanoj Gupta et al (1993), demonstrating a significant degree of agreement. This research underscores the importance of fundamental processes that have far-reaching applications in plasma physics, material science, and astrophysics.
Electron Impact, Cross section, Ionisation, Zinc atom and Zinc fragments.
SOCIAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES IN HANDLOOMS & HANDICRAFTS
In the era of 4th Industrial Revolution and amidst the loud call for sustainability, once again, like the Arts and Crafts movement of the 19th century, the traditional Craft practices are finding a larger and significantly different role beyond just the custodians of cultural heritage. The study explores the role of socially responsible design practices in promoting sustainability, cultural preservation, and economic resilience within India’s traditional handloom and handicraft sectors. By inclusive design intervention in two traditional handloom and handicraft sectors—Loin Loom Weaving in Manipur and Sarpat Basketry in Bhadohi, Uttar Pradesh—the study evaluates how craft-based practices are in congruence with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Using a comparative framework, the study highlights how these crafts contribute directly to six SDGs—including SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 5 (Gender Equality), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequality), SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), and SDG 13 (Climate Action), and indirectly impact six more, showcasing a holistic model of inclusive and sustainable development. Through participatory design approaches, self-help cooperatives, and ethical production systems, these crafts empower marginalized communities, especially women, while preserving intangible cultural heritage. The study emphasizes how natural materials, low-energy processes, optimum consumption, and localized production models inherently support eco-friendly and socially responsible practices. The study argues that social design transforms artisans from passive beneficiaries to active co-creators, promoting community ownership, economic dignity, and cultural continuity. Despite market inequities and policy limitations, integrating craft practices with SDG-focused frameworks offers a powerful pathway toward regenerative, inclusive, and decentralized economies. In conclusion, handlooms and handicrafts are heritage assets and strategic vehicles for sustainable development. When supported by socially embedded design, they offer scalable models for achieving equity, empowerment, and environmental stewardship in the craft sector.
Handloom, Handicraft, Social Design, Sustainable Development Goals, Participatory Design, Community Empowerment
Bindu Maheshwari, Ranganath M Singari, Charu Gupta
Exploring the Influence of Pop Art Aesthetics on Modern Packaging, Consumer Engagement, and Emotional Branding
Focusing on its role in branding, consumer engagement, and emotional connection, this research explains the influence of Pop Art-inspired packaging on modern consumer behavior and packaging design. Pop Art, known for its bold, vibrant visuals and mass-media influences, has emerged as a powerful tool for brands seeking to differentiate themselves in a competitive market. The study highlights how Pop Art’s aesthetic resonates particularly with younger consumers, evoking nostalgia, excitement, and cultural relevance. Key findings demonstrate that Pop Art packaging significantly enhances brand recall, social media interaction, and purchase likelihood, contributing to stronger brand loyalty. Additionally, the research explores the future potential of integrating digital technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) and smart packaging with Pop Art design, offering new opportunities for consumer engagement and personalized experiences. The study also addresses the growing importance of sustainability, illustrating how brands can blend eco-friendly practices with Pop Art’s striking visuals. Overall, Pop Art-inspired packaging is positioned as a dynamic and innovative strategy that enables brands to foster emotional connections with consumers, adapt to technological advancements, and meet sustainability demands, ensuring its continued relevance in the packaging industry.
Pop Art, Packaging Design, Branding Strategies, Consumer Behavior, Emotional Connection, Brand Loyalty, Consumer Engagement, Nostalgia, Cultural Relevance, Social Media Interaction, Augmented Reality (AR), Smart Packaging, Sustainability, Eco-friendly Practices, Visual Aesthetics.
Monica Singh, Varun R S, Ranganath M Singari
The Evolving Dynamics of Visual Narrative: Challenges, Opportunities, and Societal Implications
In recent years, visual narrative design has undergone substantial transformation, influenced by technological innovations, shifting storytelling paradigms, and changing cultural contexts. This review article critically examines the ongoing evolution of visual narrative forms and investigates the emerging challenges and opportunities within this fluid landscape. By analyzing a range of media—including film, television, virtual reality, and social media—this study explores the impact of these developments on narrative structures, audience engagement, and creative practices. Particular attention is given to the ethical and societal considerations arising from the advancement of visual storytelling techniques. Through this examination, the paper aims to offer insights into the future directions of visual narrative and its capacity to shape, reflect, and transform contemporary society. This review aspires to serve as a significant resource for scholars, creators, and practitioners interested in the transformative potential and critical importance of visual narrative design in the broader context of cultural production and societal change.
Visual Storytelling, Technological Innovation, Visual Narrative, Virtual Reality, Social Media, Ethical Considerations, Societal Impact
Shruti Soharia Singh, Ranganath M Singari, Lalit K Das
Developing a Framework for Visual Narratives in Children's Learning
Visual narratives play a crucial role in child development, shaping how they perceive stories, emotions, and relationships. This study draws inspiration from Cohn's Visual Narrative Reader (2016) to design and implement a structured framework for creating effective visual narratives tailored specifically for children. The proposed framework incorporates key elements such as character design, story flow, colour psychology, and age-based adaptation, ensuring that each component aligns with children’s developmental needs. To validate this framework, an experimental study was conducted with children of age group 10-12 years to assess COMPREHENSION, ENGAGEMENT, AND EMOTIONAL RESPONSE to Visual narratives developed under this model. The Visual Narratives are Illustrated by myself (illustrator-Shruti Soharia Singh). The findings highlight the importance of cohesive narrative structure, relatable characters, and colour choice in enhancing children's understanding and emotional connection to visual stories. This paper contributes to the field of visual storytelling by providing a robust, child-centred narrative framework with practical implications for educators, designers, and researchers interested in leveraging visual narratives as a tool for learning and engagement in early childhood development. 60 students of age 10-12 years are evaluated, through a Questionnaire. The visual narrative Version A and B were created, with difference in the three Elements of Design: Line, Colour and Space. Observation of the changes among these three variables affect the Engagement, Comprehension and Emotional Response. The impact and efficacy of the VN leading to Curiosity. A key aspect or Conjunction between the known and to be known. Knowledge to be attained.
Visual Narratives, Elaborate, Engagement, Comprehension, Emotional Response, Curiosity, Learning.
SCALABILITY OF SPCE-BASED BIOSENSORS FOR GLOBAL CANCER SCREENING PROGRAMS
The global rise in cancer incidence underscores the need for scalable, cost-effective, and accessible diagnostic tools for early detection and monitoring. Electrochemical biosensors have come a long way thanks to screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs), which are flexible, inexpensive, and have the potential for mass production. These attributes establish SPCE-based biosensors as a viable technology for global cancer screening initiatives, especially in resource-limited environments. Recent advancements involve the incorporation of nanomaterials, such as gold nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes, to improve sensitivity and specificity. It has been shown that SPCE-based systems can accurately find important cancer biomarkers like HER2, miRNA-21, and PSA. The integration of microfluidics and point-of-care devices highlights their potential for broad implementation. There are still big problems to solve, like making sure that SPCE fabrication is always the same, standardizing surface functionalization protocols, and raising the detection limits for finding biomarkers at very low concentrations. Scalability is further constrained by the necessity for strong multiplexing capabilities and the absence of real-time data integration with digital health platforms. There is a big research gap in how to make screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) work better for liquid biopsies, especially when it comes to circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) or exosomes, which are very useful for cancer diagnosis with little harm. The regulatory landscape and the necessity for rigorous clinical validation pose significant challenges to global implementation. This review talks about the current state of SPCE-based biosensors in cancer screening, problems with scalability, and possible future directions. For example, AI could be used to analyze data, and sustainable fabrication techniques could be looked into for mass production that is beneficial for the environment. Addressing these gaps is essential for leveraging SPCE-based biosensors in transformative cancer diagnostics worldwide.
Abhishek Futane, Norhashimah Mohd Saad, Vigneswaran Narayanamurthy , Kok Swee Leong
EFFECT OF INTERVENTION PROTOCOL ON NURSING-SENSITIVE OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH EPIDURAL ANALGESIA
Background: Epidural analgesia insertion is common technique used to manage acute and chronic pain for patients with cancer, after major surgery, and is viewed as the ‘gold standard for effective management. Nursing management is essential for long term epidural analgesia to reduce the risk of complications. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intervention protocol on nursing sensitive outcomes of patients with epidural analgesia. Design: Quasi experimental research (study &control) design was used to achieve the aim of this study. Setting: This study was conducted at Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) at National Cancer Institute (NCI) affiliated to Cairo University. Subject: A purposive sample consists of 100 adult patients. Tools: (I) Nursing-Sensitive Outcomes Assessment Scale. It was composed of three parts. Patient demographic data, Patients medical data and Nursing- Sensitive Patients Outcomes scales to assess patient’s outcomes after epidural analgesia. Results: there was lower total mean score of physiological and psychological health outcomes among study group of patients rather than total mean score of control group of patients. There was high total mean score of health knowledge outcomes among study group of patients than total mean score of control group of patients Conclusion: this study concluded that there was a significant improvement on patients' nursing sensitive outcomes post implementation of intervention protocol. The implementation of intervention protocol for patients with epidural analgesia has a statistically significant positive effect on their physiological, psychological and health knowledge outcomes which support the stated hypothesis. Recommendations: Replication of the current study on larger probability sample is recommended to achieve generalization of the results.
Ahmed Ali Mahmoud ,Sahar Yassien Mohammad , Dina Mohamed Maarouf, Ahmed Mansour Ahmed , Sara Fathy Mahmoud
BHARATIYA NYAYA SANHITA AND THE CONSTITUTIONAL ASPIRATIONS OF INDIA: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
The Indian Criminal Law is intended to provide a secured and protective life for all citizens. Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita is a humble attempt of the legislative organ of the government to open a gateway on the path of restorative justice. The object is basically towards securing justice rather than awarding hardcore punishments, as the core principle of the law is aimed at rescuing the victim and putting him or her in a position where he was prior to the occurrence of the crime. The main focus is towards achieving justice from all ends. The Preamble to the Constitution of India encapsulates a similar goal of justice, be it social, political or economic. In this context, it may be mentioned that the framers of the Constitution wanted to visualize a state with a strong edifice of humanitarian values and moral altruism. This paper is a humble attempt to bring home the underlying philosophy in BNS that glorifies the quest for justice in true sense of the term and thereby aligns to give the reflective thought process that imbibes in the morality rooted in our Constitution. The new Criminal law portrays the very fact that the accountability of the offender is not only restricted to suffering punishments. An empathetic attitude, encouraging the wrong doer to repair the harm is the focus of the law. The paper also dwells upon the significance of the humanitarian values and Constitutional ideals in sensitization of the stakeholders thereby initiating a community based approach which is a need of the hour. Further, it critically assesses whether the BNS has evolved to meet the changing needs and aspirations of the Indian society as envisioned in the Constitution.
RELATIONSHIP OF PERSONALITY TYPES AND EMOTIONAL MATURITY WITH TEACHING EFFECTIVENESS OF MALE AND FEMALE UNIVERSITY TEACHERS
This research aimed to explore the relationship of personality types and emotional maturity with teaching effectiveness. To achieve this, a total of 200 university teachers, both with and without doctoral degrees, from 4 government educational institutions were chosen. Each institution contributed 50 university teachers 100 male 100 female. The Hippocrates Personality Scale, Emotional Maturity Scale and Teaching Effectiveness Scale constructed and validated by the investigator. To data analysis Mean, SD and t-test were utilized. The results indicated that there is no significant difference in personality types and no significant variation in emotional maturity over time, and suggested that no significant difference with teaching effectiveness among university professors. Further revealed that there is significant difference in personality types and emotional maturity between male and female university teachers and is no significant difference in teaching effectiveness between the genders. This research suggests that future teachers should focus on exhibiting mature behavior and enhancing teaching effectiveness.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DEFENSE MECHANISMS AMONG PRIVATE AND GOVERNMENT SCHOOL TEACHERS: EXPLORING LEVELS AND VARIATIONS
Defensive behaviour among urban educators can impact professional interactions, job satisfaction and resultantly student outcomes significantly. Thus, it is crucial to understand the factors which lead to defensive behaviour. This in turn contributes to fostering a positive work climate. Thereby, teacher wellbeing is promoted in an educational set up. This research paper aims to understand how teachers develop defense mechanisms as an adoptive strategy for their psychological protection. The study employs a qualitative research method to conduct a comparative analysis between private and government school teachers. The research employs a combination of quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. The quantitative aspect comprises of a standardized questionnaire to assess the prevalence of defense mechanisms and coping strategies. Qualitative interviews reveal a rich tapestry of coping techniques. The study concludes that although urban educators demonstrate remarkable adaptability, there is a critical need for creating supportive environments to enhance their coping potential.